How to Fix a Shimano Shifter That Won't Shift (Quick fix with easy ways!)

A common issue with Shimano shifters is that they can stop working after sitting unused for several months or even years, especially in environments with extreme temperature fluctuations like a garage or shed.

When you push the shift lever buttons, nothing happens—there is no movement in the cable or on the shift indicator.

This problem is prevalent among all Shimano shifters. In this comprehensive guide, we will walk you through the steps to diagnose and fix a Shimano shifter that won't shift.

Follow these detailed instructions to get your bike back to optimal performance.

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Find the Root Cause

Understanding the problem is essential to finding the solution. Common issues include:

1. Cable Tension Problems: Incorrect cable tension can prevent the derailleur from moving the chain accurately between gears.
   
   
2. Dirty or Worn-out Cables: Dirt and grime can accumulate in the cables, causing friction and resistance.
   
   
3. Misaligned Derailleur: A misaligned derailleur can cause poor shifting performance and chain rubbing.
   
   
4. Internal Shifter Mechanism Faults: Internal parts of the shifter can wear out or become stuck, leading to shifting issues.

Tools You Will Need

To fix your Shimano shifter, you will need the following tools:

• Allen wrenches
  
  
• Phillips and flat-head screwdrivers
  
  
• Needle-nose pliers
  
  
• Lubricant
  
  
• Replacement cables and housing (if necessary)
  
  
• Bike stand (optional but recommended)
  
  
• Isopropyl alcohol
  
  
• Small brush

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Step-by-Step Guide to Fixing Shimano Shifter

1. Inspect and Adjust Cable Tension

a. Checking Cable Tension

Improper cable tension is one of the most common causes of shifting issues. To check the cable tension:

1. Shift your bike to the highest gear (smallest cog).
   
   
2. Inspect the cable tension at the derailleur. It should be taut but not overly tight.

b. Adjusting Cable Tension

If the cable tension is not correct:

1. Locate the barrel adjuster on the derailleur or shifter.
   
   
2. Turn the barrel adjuster clockwise to increase tension or counterclockwise to decrease tension.
   
   
3. Shift through the gears to see if the adjustment resolves the issue.

2. Inspect and Replace Cables and Housing

a. Checking for Wear and Dirt

Dirty or worn cables can cause resistance and poor shifting performance. To inspect the cables:

1. Shift to the highest gear and release the tension on the cable.
   
   
2. Detach the cable from the derailleur using an Allen wrench.
   
   
3. Slide the cable through the housing and check for any fraying, kinks, or dirt buildup.

b. Replacing Cables and Housing

If the cables or housing are damaged or dirty, replace them:

1. Remove the old cable and housing completely. Use needle-nose pliers to carefully pull the cable out if it's stuck.
   
   
2. Measure and cut the new housing to the same length as the old one. Ensure the ends are clean and free of burrs.
   
   
3. Insert the new cable through the housing. Apply a small amount of lubricant inside the housing to reduce friction.
   
   
4. Reattach the cable to the derailleur, ensuring it is properly seated in the cable clamp.
   
   
5. Adjust the cable tension as described earlier.

3. Align the Derailleur

a. Checking Derailleur Alignment

A misaligned derailleur can cause shifting problems. To check alignment:

1. Shift to the middle gear.
   
   
2. Stand behind the bike and look at the derailleur. It should be parallel to the cogs.

b. Adjusting Derailleur Alignment

If the derailleur is misaligned:

1. Use an Allen wrench to loosen the mounting bolt.
   
   
2. Adjust the derailleur until it is parallel to the cogs.
   
   
3. Tighten the mounting bolt securely.
   
   
4. Check the alignment again to ensure it is correct. A derailleur alignment tool can be helpful for precise adjustments.

4. Clean and Lubricate the Shifter

a. Cleaning the Shifter

Dirt and grime can accumulate inside the shifter mechanism, causing it to malfunction. To clean the shifter:

1. Remove the shifter cover using a Phillips screwdriver.
   
   
2. Use a small brush and isopropyl alcohol to clean the internal components. Pay special attention to moving parts and pivot points.
   
   
3. Allow the shifter to dry completely before reassembling.

b. Lubricating the Shifter

After cleaning, lubricate the shifter:

1. Apply a small amount of bicycle-specific lubricant to the moving parts inside the shifter. Avoid using too much lubricant as it can attract dirt.
   
   
2. Reattach the shifter cover. Make sure all screws are tightened securely.

5. Check for Internal Shifter Mechanism Faults

If none of the above steps resolve the issue, there may be an internal fault within the shifter mechanism. Internal components can wear out or become damaged, especially in older shifters.

a. Identifying Internal Faults

1. Shift through all gears and listen for unusual noises or resistance.
   
   
2. Inspect the shifter for visible signs of damage or wear.

Preventive Maintenance Tips

To prevent future shifting issues, follow these maintenance tips:

• Regular Cleaning: Clean your drivetrain and shifters regularly to prevent dirt buildup. Use a mild degreaser for the chain and cassette.
  
  
• Cable Inspection: Check cables and housing for wear and replace them as needed. Look for signs of fraying or rust.
  
  
• Proper Lubrication: Lubricate moving parts periodically to ensure smooth operation. Use a dry lubricant in dusty conditions and a wet lubricant in wet conditions.
  
  
• Routine Adjustments: Regularly adjust cable tension and derailleur alignment to maintain optimal performance. Check these adjustments after any significant ride or if the bike has been stored for a long period.

Conclusion

Fixing a Shimano shifter that won't shift can be a straightforward process if you systematically diagnose and address each potential issue.

Don't forget to perform regular maintenance to prevent similar problems in the future.

FAQs

How often should I perform maintenance on my Shimano shifter?
It’s recommended to inspect and perform maintenance on your Shimano shifter every 3 to 6 months, depending on your riding frequency and conditions.

Can I use WD-40 to lubricate my Shimano shifter?
It’s not recommended to use WD-40 as a lubricant for Shimano shifters. Instead, use a bicycle-specific lubricant to ensure optimal performance and longevity.

Are there specific tools designed for Shimano shifter maintenance?
Yes, Shimano offers specific tools such as cable cutters, alignment tools, and torque wrenches designed to facilitate precise and effective shifter maintenance.